#German national focus tree full#

From 1982, Christian Democratic leader Helmut Kohl was chancellor in a coalition with the Liberals for 16 years. Д«eginning with the election of Konrad Adenauer in 1949, the Federal Republic of Germany had Christian Democratic chancellors for 20 years until a coalition between the Social Democrats and the Liberals took over.

#German national focus tree full#

The Economist Intelligence Unit rated Germany a ' full democracy' in 2020. It is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the G7, the G20 and the OECD. Germany is part of the Schengen Area, and has been a member of the eurozone since 1999. West Germany was a founding member of the European Community in 1958, which became the EU in 1993. The constitution emphasizes the protection of individual liberty in an extensive catalogue of human and civil rights and divides powers both between the federal and state levels and between the legislative, executive and judicial branches. The political system is laid out in the 1949 constitution, the Grundgesetz (Basic Law), which remained in effect with minor amendments after German reunification in 1990. The judiciary of Germany is independent of the executive and the legislature, while it is common for leading members of the executive to be members of the legislature as well. The multilateral system has, since 1949, been dominated by the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) and the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD). Germany is a democratic, federal parliamentary republic, where federal legislative power is vested in the Bundestag (the parliament of Germany) and the Bundesrat (the representative body of the LГ¤nder, Germany's regional states).